On a Certain Notion of Finite and a Finiteness Class in Set Theory without Choice

We study the deductive strength of properties under basic set-theoretical operations of the subclass $E$-$\mathbf {Fin}$ of the Dedekind finite sets in set theory without the Axiom of Choice (AC), which consists of all $E$-finite sets, where a set $X$ is called E-finite if for no proper subset $Y$ of $X$ is there a surjection $f:Y\rightarrow X$.